administer
From Latin administrāre 'manage, guide, serve', from ad- 'to' + ministrāre 'serve'.
When referring to managing or being responsible for the running of an entity like a company, organization, or institution, the most common and direct translation is administrar. This term is general and formal. For a more active or hands-on management style, especially in a business context, gestionar is a good choice, emphasizing the handling of resources and processes. If the focus is on leading or directing, dirigir is appropriate. For governing bodies or political entities, gobernar is the specific and formal term.
| past_participle | past_tense | present_participle | third_singular_present |
|---|---|---|---|
| administered | administered | administering | administers |
- El director general debe administrar la empresa de manera eficiente. — The CEO must administer the company efficiently.
- Necesitamos gestionar los recursos de forma más eficaz. — We need to manage resources more effectively.
- Ella es la encargada de dirigir el departamento de ventas. — She is in charge of directing the sales department.
- Es responsabilidad del gobierno gobernar el país con justicia. — It is the government's responsibility to govern the country with justice.
In the medical context of dispensing or applying a remedy, drug, or substance, administrar is again the primary translation and highly suitable. Aplicar (to apply) can also be used, especially when referring to the physical application of a treatment like an injection or a cream. Suministrar means 'to supply' or 'to provide' and emphasizes the act of making the substance available. Dispensar is specifically used in the context of pharmacy, meaning to 'dispense' medication.
| past_participle | past_tense | present_participle | third_singular_present |
|---|---|---|---|
| administered | administered | administering | administers |
- El enfermero administró la vacuna al paciente. — The nurse administered the vaccine to the patient.
- Se debe aplicar la pomada dos veces al día. — The ointment should be applied twice a day.
- La farmacia suministra medicamentos esenciales a la comunidad. — The pharmacy supplies essential medications to the community.
- El farmacéutico dispensó el medicamento con receta. — The pharmacist dispensed the prescribed medication.
To give out or apply justice or punishment, administrar is the most direct and formal translation, commonly used in legal contexts. Impartir is another very common and formal verb, specifically for justice or lessons, conveying the idea of 'imparting' or 'bestowing'. Aplicar can also be used, meaning to 'apply' a law, a penalty, or a punishment. For executing a sentence, particularly in a legal judgment, ejecutar is appropriate.
| past_participle | past_tense | present_participle | third_singular_present |
|---|---|---|---|
| administered | administered | administering | administers |
- Es función de los jueces administrar justicia. — It is the function of judges to administer justice.
- El tribunal debe impartir un juicio justo. — The court must impart a fair judgment.
- Se aplicó una severa multa por la infracción. — A severe fine was applied for the infraction.
- La policía tiene la autoridad para ejecutar órdenes de arresto. — The police have the authority to execute arrest warrants.
When supervising the taking of an oath or sacrament, administrar is the direct translation. It conveys the sense of formally conducting or overseeing the ritual. Presidir (to preside over) is also a strong alternative, implying being in authority or in charge of the ceremony. The verb tomar (to take) is listed, but it typically refers to the action of the person *receiving* the oath (e.g., 'tomar juramento' means 'to take an oath' by the person swearing it), not the person administering it. While some specific colloquial phrases might exist where 'tomar' could seem related, administrar or presidir are the correct choices for the 'administering' action.
| past_participle | past_tense | present_participle | third_singular_present |
|---|---|---|---|
| administered | administered | administering | administers |
- El juez va a administrar el juramento al nuevo presidente. — The judge is going to administer the oath to the new president.
- El sacerdote administró el sacramento de la comunión. — The priest administered the sacrament of communion.
- El alcalde presidió la ceremonia de juramentación. — The mayor presided over the swearing-in ceremony.
To provide relief or aid in a charitable way, several Inglés verbs can be used. Proporcionar and suministrar are general terms for 'to provide' or 'to supply' aid or resources. Administrar can also be used, especially if the act involves organizing and distributing the aid. Otorgar is more formal and means 'to grant' or 'to bestow', implying a formal decision to give. Prestar is commonly used in phrases like 'prestar ayuda' (to provide help/aid) or 'prestar servicios' (to provide services).
| past_participle | past_tense | present_participle | third_singular_present |
|---|---|---|---|
| administered | administered | administering | administers |
- La organización se dedica a proporcionar ayuda humanitaria. — The organization is dedicated to providing humanitarian aid.
- El gobierno se comprometió a suministrar alimentos a las zonas afectadas. — The government committed to supplying food to the affected areas.
- La ONG administra los fondos para los proyectos de desarrollo. — The NGO administers the funds for development projects.
- Se les otorgó un subsidio para reconstruir sus hogares. — They were granted a subsidy to rebuild their homes.
- Es fundamental prestar atención a los más vulnerables. — It is fundamental to provide attention to the most vulnerable.